生草栽培果园根系生长动态研究

通过对金太阳杏生草(紫花苜蓿)栽培与生长动态的研究表明,金太阳杏新根在1年中有2次明显的生长高峰,1次是在3～4月,占全年的37%以上,第二次在6月中下旬至7月上旬。而紫花苜蓿主要在7月中旬以后,两者在时间尺度也存在有差异,根据金太阳杏新根周年变化特点,掌握2个时期,即3月中旬和6月上中旬。     

三种杨树树皮真菌群落的研究

对毛白杨、陕林4号杨、北京杨不同年龄枝条、树体空间层次的真菌种类、数量及季节动态作了分析，结果表明：三种杨树树皮真菌群落组成不同，链格孢属(Alternaria)、曲霉属(Aspergillus)、内脐蠕孢属(Drechslera)、毛壳属(Chaetomium)等为毛白杨上的优势菌种群；链格孢属、曲霉属、木霉属(Trichoderma)、青霉属(Penicillium)等为陕林4号杨的优势菌种群；链格孢属、曲霉属、盾壳霉属(Coniothyrium)、青霉属等为北京杨的优势菌种群。真菌种类及数量在树体空间层次的分布趋势是由上到下逐渐增多；真菌群落季节变化趋势为夏、秋季种类和数量稍高，春、冬季有所减少。     

数字图像处理在植物新品种鉴定中的应用

随着分子生物学和信息技术的发展,指纹图谱技术已成为品种鉴定的重要手段。本文从目前人工鉴定指纹图谱的方法出发,提出了利用计算机的图像处理技术来实现指纹图谱鉴定的方法以及实现技术。     

Quality and decomposition of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) mulch for temperate alley cropping systems

Black locust and alfalfa mulch quality were characterized over a 9-week period of decomposition. Both mulch materials were harvested with a forage harvester. The black locust material was harvested from trees annually coppiced for four years, the alfalfa from a preflorescent second cutting. Two identical, adjacent experiments were conducted, one on each mulch source. A randomized complete block design was used with four replications for this single factor experiment. Fifty grams fresh weight of both mulch types were placed in litter bags, made of 98% shade cloth, a woven plastic with holes approximately 1×0.5 mm. The treatments included two placements of the mulch material, surface and buried. Sampling took place on weeks 0, 1, 3, 6, and 9.The incorporation of mulch materials appears to accelerate dry weight loss. From an initial dry weight of 44.25 g, the buried black locust mulch averaged 4.58 g, while the surface mulch averaged 7.41 g by week 6. The alfalfa mulch initially weighed 40.99g, with buried mulch averaging 1.75 g and surface mulch averaging 4.08 g by week 9.Carbon concentration of alfalfa mulch increased with time in both mulch placements from 43.6% to 57.6% and 51.8% in surface and buried mulch, respectively. Black locust, with an initial carbon concentration of 46.9% increased to 55.9% for the buried mulch and to 53.89% in surface mulch. Nitrogen concentrations increased as well in buried mulch. Lignin concentrations increased dramatically over time for both species of mulch. Black locust lignin concentrations rose from 13.11% to 51.0% (buried) and 32.9% (surface); alfalfa mulch lignin concentrations rose from 6.67% to 31.4% (buried) and 47.7% (surface).     

泰山板栗良种(优系)选育研究

本研究通过对板栗种质资源丰富的泰山的实生板栗大树进行良种选育,在对优系生长结果,栗实品质调查的基础上,通过初选、实地调查、专家复选,确定23个优系在3种不同立地条件下建优系对比园。通过各优系的生物学特性、早实丰产性、栗实品质进行对比分析,采用最大隶属度原则进行排序,筛选出综合品质前4位的5号、8号1、6和20号。筛选出的4个优系在不同立地条件上表现丰产稳产,4 a生株产在2.0kg以上,比对照石丰株产高70%~190%,平均投影面积产量在0.5 kg以上。栗实综合品质优良,单粒重在8.0g以上,红褐色或紫褐色,茸毛少或较少,富光泽,栗实整齐均匀,含糖量在18.0%以上,栗肉细、味香、糯性强,栗实品质优于石丰。     

发展福建省林木育种工作的思考

本文指出随着福建林业的发展，林木良种工作也产生了相应的变化，认为应当对主要用材树种进行深入研究，使育种目标多样化并加强对林木种质基因资源的保护。     

红土晒烟品种比较试验

以保山地区大面积种植的红土晒烟品种拉茄为对照,对不同种源的肯那、歪尾巴、沂水香烟、Va309等4个品种进行比较试验,通过生物学性状、农艺性状、外观质量的观察比较和对产量、产值的方差分析结果:参试品种均不及对照品种拉茄;歪尾巴、肯那综合性状表现相对较好,接近拉茄;而沂水香烟、Va309明显较差。     

"三岩"造林困难地植被恢复技术研究与示范

湖南造林困难地类总面积达 10 0万hm2 。通过对 5个县 658hm2 试验示范林历时 9年的研究 ,解决了植被恢复技术问题。选出适宜的树、划种有马桑、芦竹、苦槠、牡荆和栓皮栎 5种 ,有发展前景的树种有柏木、铅笔柏和藏柏。选出了林分结构稳定 ,组成种长势好 ,可以肯定的有马桑十墨西哥柏浅层钙质幼年性岩性土等 6个配置模式。并提出和推广了撩壕整地和芦竹下挖上堆 ,施肥促长等造林技术。同时 ,定义了“三岩”造林困难地 ,提出了“三岩”造林困难地的生态环境特点。从土种的水平研究了树种与立地的适应性。     

Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) plantation — An age old agroforestry system in Eastern Himalayas

Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.) is a shade loving plant grown in the Indian hill states of Sikkim and Dargeeling district of West Bengal. About 30 important tree species are used to provide shade to the cardamom plants. Alnus nepalensis, a deciduous, nitrogen fixing and fast growing tree, is the species most commonly underplanted with cardamom. In addition to providing shade, it is also used for fuelwood. The old trees are cut and young plants coming up are allowed to grow in cyclic order. The quick decomposing leaf litter of A. nepalensis also fertilises the cardamom plants. The nitrogen added to the soil in this way has been found to be as high as 249 kg/ha. Large cardamom thrives well in a moist soil, which is maintained by water diverted from seasonal springs on the upper slopes. The system is well suited to conserving soil, water and tree cover of the characteristically steep slopes of the region. Moreover, the management inputs required for growing cardamom are low but the crop gives a higher financial return than rice or maize. The shade trees used in the system are also a major source of fuel, fodder and timber, especially as access to state owned forests is restricted by legislation. However, increasing incidence of viral chirkey and foorkey disease, panicle rot and capsule borer are reducing the cardamom productivity. It has been observed that integrating dairying and apiculture will further augment profitability from large cardamom agroforestry system.     

云南小粒咖啡优良品种比较试验及丰产栽培示范

以德宏热带农业科学研究所咖啡种质库选出的13个小粒咖啡品种为材料,在云南省4个不同的生态类型区建立咖啡优良品种比较试验区和丰产栽培试验区,以验证各品种的生长、产量和品质等优良特性,和在不同生态类型区的稳定性,试验结果筛选出CIFC7963、28号可在云南适宜植区大规模种植;T8667、T5175、CatimorP88、CatimorP128等4个品种可以扩大种植。景洪试验点年均气温高(22.4℃),超过小粒种咖啡对最适年均温(19～21℃)的要求,不适宜种植小粒种咖啡。